The threat model is that the US government can either a) force the US-based employees of a US company to copy the data from EU to US and hand it to the US authorities, b) if not possible, force the US-based employees to order the EU-based employees in their reporting chain to copy the data from EU to US, or c) if not possible, order the company to circumvent any technical measures they have in place to make such copying of data impossible.
Electricity is fungible, so when big operators buy wind-only power from the market, the rest of the demand uses the non-green power left in the pool.
(It still potentially increases wind buildout so it can have indirect positive impact especially if wind is not competitive at the same prices with fossils)
Also the accounting is "we bought as many MWh of wind power as we used" over some time window, so in reality they are using fossil power in peaks, competing with everyone else and placing pressure to expand fossil based capacity.
These are also the reasons it's probably better to talk about the electricity used instead of trying to translate it to emissions by proxy, which is prone to being gamed due to abovementioned reasons.
(Also the number is high rather than low if you consider that all the individual slices of the emisison pie at this subdivision granularity are pretty small)
Electricity is a little less fungible than folks make it out to be.
Iceland, for example, has abundant energy from various sources such as geothermal. However, that energy is not easy to send across the ocean to consumers. So, Iceland instead smelts a lot of aluminum, which takes a lot of energy, and is far easier to export cost-effectively.
So a kWh produced in Iceland is not exactly the same as a kWh produced in Germany; it's not truly fungible.
In that vein, datacenters are often placed in such areas. One at Microsoft for example is in Wyoming, near a hydro dam that is far from any dense population.
Yeah. There are lot of such “feel good”, technically true, but not logically expected reporting. The solar panels on my roof generate a lot of electricity while I’m not home, and not really using it, but I feed into the grid, and pull when I need it(when the sun is not shining). I can’t boast that my energy is so renewable that I can start mining bitcoins at home - that’d be stupid.
There are some YAML based schemas there too. How does this work, is there a canonical YAML->JSON transformation, or does JSON schema spec have explicit YAML support?
YAML is effectively a superset of JSON although the syntax used in YAML is often different. So you can't translate all YAML to JSON, but all JSON can be represented as YAML.
While this is true in many cases, it's worth mentioning that many LoRA use cases can get away with high duty cyles no problem.
At the end of the day, the client devices don't have that much broadcast power - so if you run your own LoRA gateway and are not in a densely populated area, nobody cares if you use a lot of bandwidth.
Just don't use all of the bandwidth and keep monitoring the band. You can always throttle down your clients if someone else shows up.
"Software patentability is limited in a lot of places"
In Europe, the new Unified Patent Court (UPC) will probably rubberstamp them, using the "as such" and the "technical effect" loopholes. Without any appeal possible to the European Court of Justice.
Sorry, replied to one of the child posts. It's not a software patent, it's a radio modulation patent: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160094269A1/en and I'm not really that confident that it would be struck down if challenged; from what I'm remembering from digging into it, it is actually a pretty novel form of modulation that has some nice properties for the specific application they're using it for.
I appreciate where your head is at, but I don't think it's very likely that a court is going to agree with you. Contrast to the canonical "One-Click Shopping" patent, this patent covers radio waves of a specific type that you'll be producing and not just an abstract business process. Just because there's a way to violate that patent by writing code for a programmable radio doesn't mean that it's a software patent.
Heck, in the middle ground between "one-click shopping" and LoRa modulation, you have things like audio and video codecs. These are primarily math-based patents, but they have had pretty broad patent protection for a long time compared to more abstract business-process/software patents. Where this might get interesting specifically for LoRa is that France is one of the rare places that doesn't seem to recognize AV codecs as patentable (and which is why VLC is distributed from France) and Semtech is based out of Grenoble!
No, for instance Chirp Spread Sprectrum (mentioned by @tonyarkles in another reply), which is what you would patent (and there are patents on it) has nothing to do with software, although it can be implemented in software using SDR.
It's a very specific form of spread spectrum that they've called Chirp Spread Spectrum and as far as I recall it is actually a pretty novel form of modulation.
Buildings lose value over time in most places. And in many places where they don't, including renovation investments in the picture results shows declining value.
The only places where buildings go up in value is where the building has been grandfathered in and is no longer able to be built in accordance with modern zoning rules.
Which is rather common in my experience. The town adjacent to the one I just moved to has a bunch of duplexes, but if you look at the current zoning it's all single-family-only. You couldn't build much of the town as it is today, which is a shame as it's very nice.
As you might expect given this, the town has steadily lost population.
Here in the Netherlands this is absolutely not true for houses. My house, despite no renovations done, has more than doubled in value over the past ten years. Housing shortages make sure that existing houses are definitely not losing value.
But is that the value of the building, or the land that is increasing for yours? My home (building + land) value has gone up a ton due to the housing shortages in tech centers, but on the assessment, the building value has gone down, while the land value has shot up a lot.
Doesn't the shielding help prevent heat output only with short duration power use peaks? If we imagine the conductor is heating at the same rate 24/7, all of the heat must flow out of the cable at the same rate it's getting generated unless the conductor's temperature can increase indefinitely.
If the insulator material is truly a (thermal) insulator, and thick enough, then the heat will "prefer" to flow out the ends of the cable rather than making its way through the skin of the insulator. (Remember, electrical conductors are usually also great thermal conductors; an insulated copper cable is essentially a solid-state heat pipe.) Pick up one of these thick-insulation cables, even after hours of operation — the cable itself won't be hot. But the ends sure will be!
For mains leads, this usually means you're "grounding" heat into:
1. the device itself, usually at the power supply. The heat dead-ends between the coils of a transformer, this being why high-wattage PSUs have fans.
2. your wall — specifically, your wall junction-box power sockets, at the point that the device's power lead's male connector touches the faceplate of the wall socket. This is why you'll often see slight electrical singing on such sockets when you're operating e.g. a portable air conditioner or microwave on a 120V 16A socket: despite most of the heat following the thermal conductive path of the cable into your house wiring, some of the heat ends up transferring into the air where the thicker insulator ends, through the bare contacts, and into the plastic of the wall-socket faceplate.
3. The rest of the house, through the thermal conductive path of the house wiring — the house wiring, being lower-gauge and so needing relatively thinner insulation, leaks heat more readily than the sort of "super-insulated" cables made for high-amperage appliances, and so the heat is gradually sloughed off all over your walls.
4. Your neighbourhood electrical distribution box. Despite heat leaking through your house, modern residential wiring's electrical insulation is still thick enough, that if you're using enough household load to just be barely below tripping your mains breaker, you're probably heating up your neighbourhood distribution box. Ever noticed one humming really loudly when you walk by? Just like your computer's PSU, these have active cooling that goes harder when houses are dumping heat at them.
Note also that this is among the reasons that industrial power routing (for e.g. factories, mills, etc) doesn't use insulated NM in-wall wiring (Romex), but instead routes individual [lightly-insulated, essentially just for electrical separation] conductors through metal conduit, with as little in-wall routing of that metal conduit as possible. The metal conduit is a heat sink for the conductors — such installations are trying to take on the responsibility of dumping electrical waste heat locally, so that they don't overheat their nearby electrical distribution station, or produce line sag on the poles connecting them to it!
